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MINIMUM 
ESSENTIALS 
IN ENGLISH 



CATHRYN ROSANNA GOBLE 
PH.B., A.M. 



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MINIMUM ESSENTIALS 
IN ENGLISH: 



5 



| 

I 

A TEXTBOOK I 



For Grades from Seven 

to Twelve. ! 



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M 



BY 
CATHRYN ROSANNA GOBLE, PH.B., A.M. 

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH 



CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL 
Muskogee. Oklahoma 



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Copyright 1 922 
1Y CATHRYN ROSANNA GOBLE 



FROM PRESS OF 
THE STAR PRINTERY 
Muskogee, Oklahoma 

©CH680497 

AUG ~3 1^2 
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PREFACE 

I am indebted to Richard J. Tighe, Superintendent of Schools in 
Muskogee, Oklahoma, for the privilege of trying out, in actual class- 
room work, the Minimum Essentials in Composition in this book, in 
connection with the Marking System shown and for valuable criticism 
of parts of the material. I am indebted to Miss Bessie M. Huff, teacher 
of Journalism, for constant sympathy and help ; to Mrs. E. Lee Patter- 
son, Misses Leone Grigsby, Edith Rowland, Mary Murdock, Mary 
Huffaker, Pearl Middlebrooks, Pearl Buchanan, Elizabeth Bonnell, 
Byrd Shelton, Mrs. V. C. Looper — teachers in the Department of 
English, 1920-1922, and to the pupils of the High Schools of Cheyenne, 
Wyoming, and Muskogee, Oklahoma, for their hearty cooperation in 
all the experimental work. 

CATHRYN ROSANNA GOBLE. 

Muskogee, Oklahoma, 1922. 



in 



MINIMUM ESSENTIALS IN ENGLISH 

IN 
JUNIOR AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 



Introduction. 

The course of study offered in the following pages is based on 
two big general principles. The first of these principles is, that cor- 
rect writing and speaking of English must be made habit ; the second 
is, that rapid reading of the printed page and clear understanding of 
what has been read must be made habit. 

In order to make the correct writing and speaking of English 
possible as a habit — 

The number of rules of grammar and rhetoric for each 
semester should be limited to the number that can be 
mastered in that semester by the pupils. 

These rules of grammar and rhetoric should be ar- 
ranged in order of their initial value to the pupils ; that 
is, the rules of the first semester should afford founda- 
tion for the rules of the second semester, etc., etc. 

A simple, definite, objective system of marking mis- 
takes in the application of these rules in writing and 
speaking should be used. 
In order to make the rapid reading of the printed page possible 
and the clear understanding of what has been read possible, as a 
habit — 

The number of books to be studied each semester and 
the number of books to be just read should be made to fit 
the time, at the disposal of the pupils, for such work. 
The pupils' understanding of this reading — in both the 
books studied and the books just read — should be tested 
by questions that bring out the clearness or the weak- 
ness of such understanding. 

The rapidity of the pupils' rate of reading should be 
gradually increased semester after semester. 

Explanation of Terms. 
English — is the name given to the language of the United States. It 
includes Composition, Literature, and Expression. 

Divisions of English. 

Composition — is the constructive side of English work; that is, it is 
the forcing of the written or oral sentence to make clear the 
writer's or the speaker's thought. Under it written and oral 
English are taught. 

Literature — is the collection side of English work. Under it the 
splendid constructive work of some writers in preceding periods 
in the history of the nation is taught. Under it, also, the manner 
of collecting material for constructive work that is done in 
Composition is taught. 

Expression — is the interpretative side of the English work. Under it 
the ability to speak before an audience is developed. The voice, 

—1— 



the face, and the entire body are trained to convey the speaker's 
meaning. Expression motivates the oral Composition; and it 
makes the printed page come to life before the pupils. 

Terms Used Under the Above Divisions. 
Minimum Essentials — are the principles in every piece of written and 

oral Composition that should be used correctly from habit. 
Objective System of Marking — is a system that may be applied to all 

written and spoken work by all teachers in the same way each 

time application is made. 
Required Literature — means the books or the selections from books 

that all pupils must study in any semester's work. 
Supplementary Literature — means a list of books from which each 

pupil may choose the one, two, or three books the requirement 

demands, that he desires to study for class work in any semester. 

Explanation of Minimum Essentials. 

The Minimum Essentials in this course of study are spelling, pro- 
nouns, verbs, sentences and paragraphs in written work; and pro- 
nouns, verbs, sentences, and paragraphs in oral work. Spelling needs 
no explanation. The correct use of pronouns requires two things: 
the antecedent of each pronoun — except the forms of the first person 
singular — must be expressed; and each pronoun must agree with its 
antecedent. The correct use of the verb requires three things: the 
correct form of the verb must be used ; the correct tense of the verb 
must be used; and each verb must agree with its subject. The term 
sentence means, correctly written simple, complex, or compound sen- 
tence ; and it means, further, a sentence that contains but one central 
idea. The term paragraph means a unified paragraph the sentences 
of which follow the principle of coherence. The Minimum Essentials, 
as the following course shows, are carefully distributed among the 
different semesters of the high school course from Seventh grade 
through the Twelfth in order that they may be mastered semester 
by semester. This distribution is based on ten years of careful experi- 
mental work — three of which have been in Muskogee. The Essentials 
are worked out through the four great forms of discourse — narration, 
description, exposition, and argumentation — by means of projects. 

1. Plan of Marking. 

If, however, the Minimum Essential plan in Composition is to 
mean any more than dozens of other plans of like nature have meant, 
it must have in support of it a system of marking that is a help. This 
system of marking must be so simple and definite and objective that 
all teachers will, under it, be able to give the same value in any semes- 
ter to the same mistake. Further, the system of marking must be 
severe enough to make pupils actively interested in the reduction of 
errors in their themes and in all written and spoken work. The mark- 
ing system must be to the Minimum Essentials what the enacting 
clause is to a law passed — the teeth. The following is in force in the 
Muskogee Central High School now. The pupils have improved splen- 
didly under it. 

A pupil who makes no mistakes in the Minimum Es- 

—2— 



sentials in written and oral themes is given, for each 
such theme a grade of A. 

A pupil who makes one mistake in the Minimum Es- 
sentials in written and oral themes is given, for each 
such theme a grade of B. 

A pupil who makes two mistakes in the Minimum Es- 
sentials in written and oral themes is given, for each 
such theme a grade of C. 

A pupil who makes three mistakes in the Minimum 
Essentials in written and oral themes is given, for each 
such theme, a grade of D. 

D is the lowest passing grade; therefore, more than 
three mistakes in the Minimum Essentials in written and 
oral themes make possible no more than a grade of E. 

2. Value to Teachers and Pupils. 

Teachers of English will teach well under the above system of 
marking for they have definite principles to teach and these definite 
principles are not only distributed among the different semesters of 
the high school course but they are marked at the same value by all 
teachers at all times. When the pupils know, a passing grade in 
Composition, depends on the absence of these errors from their com- 
positions they will work to master the correct forms. The burden of 
work is thus shifted in part from the teacher to the pupils. The 
Minimum Essentials for each semester in Composition are shown 
in the description of the work in the Course of Study. 

Purpose of Literature Work. 

In Literature the required reading books are studied first, to 
create in the minds of the pupils a taste for good books, and second, 
to establish a good rate and comprehension in reading. The Supple- 
mentary reading books are read for the rate and comprehension only. 
The tests in Literature are fact tests that contain little composition 
work and that may be marked definitely. 

Extent of Expression Work. 

Expression is given this year nine weeks to each pupil in the 
eighth grade and to as many other pupils as the time in the day makes 
possible. It is given to all ninth grade pupils for six weeks. There 
are, in the senior high school, in addition to the Expression work in the 
ninth grade, two regular classes in Expression all semester. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 

The grades made by each pupil in Composition during the sem- 
ester together with the average of the grades made by each pupil in 
Literature and the teacher's estimate of the value of each pupil's 
work in class are combined in the Semester Grade as follows : 

I. The average of grades in Composition during the semester 
shall constitute one-half of the semester grade ; 

II. The average of the grades in Literature during the sem- 
ester shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade ; 

III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 

—3— 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

SEVEN B GRADE (ENG. I) 



Composition — Oral and Written. 
Textbooks : 

Required, Howland's Advanced Lessons in English — during the 
entire semester ; 

References for Teachers, Reed and Kellogg's Elementary School 
Grammar and Johansen's Projects in Action — English. 

Time: 

Composition is taught three days a week — Monday, Wednes- 
day and Friday. The material for composition is taken from the 
daily experience of the pupils and is presented by means of pro- 
jects. Each pupil gives each week, at least, one carefully pre- 
pared oral theme not longer than two minutes, and one 
carefully prepared written theme. The written theme need not 
be longer than one page or one hundred, fifty words. (The oral 
report on one book selected from the Supplementary Book List, 
may be ten minutes in length.) 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. Simple, unified sentences. Howland, page 7 to middle of page 
14, pages 34 and 99 ; Reed and Kellogg, pages 4, 12, 14, 20, 28 
and 29 ; Johansen — pages 25-70. 

2. Punctuation, comma. Howland, series of words, page 70, 
words of address, page 100, and explanatory words, page 172. 

3. Beginning work on paragraph. Answers to questions asked, 
that include the questions and development of assigned topic. 
Howland, pages 8, 248-250 ; Reed and Kellogg, pages 346-353 ; 
Johansen, pages 159-170. 

4. Verbs. Forms of "do" and "see." (The pupils are not sure 
of the forms of these verbs.) 

While pronouns are not included in these Essentials for the 
7B grade they should not be wholly neglected. The constant 
use of them without antecedents may well be explained to the 
pupils as an example of lack of clearness in their themes. Such 
explanation opens the way for the definite teaching of the 
pronoun as one of the Minimum Essentials in the work of 8B 
grade (Eng. III). Further, while the making of an outline is 
not included in the Minimum Essentials for 7B grade, pupils 
may well be given some instruction that will aid them to plan 
their weekly talks and their books reports. 

5. Spelling presents the most persistently difficult problem in 
the Composition work. It is, therefore, given more time in 
the teaching schedule than any other of the Essentials. It is 
taught three days a week — Monday, Wednesday, and Friday 
— twenty minutes each day and five minutes a day on Tues- 
day and Thursday. In the I + classes eight words are taught 



each week; in the I classes six words; and in the I-classes, 
four words a week. These words are taught and tested on 
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday and are reviewed on Tues- 
day and Thursday. The test is given the last four minutes 
of the Spelling time. For the test the words are incorporated 
in a paragraph and the paragraph is dictated to the pupils. 
The following list of words is the list taught. It is made up 
of words often misspelt in the pupils' themes. 



athletics 


grand stand 


beginning 


Tuesday 


writing 


half back 


sincerely 


which 


almost 


don't 


grammar 


football 


notebook 


science 


history 


arithmetic 


to-night 


North 


believe 


receive 


their 


there 


business 


difficult 


full back 


classroom 


two 


too 


to 


English 


auditorium 


assembly 


Wednesday 


forty 


twenty-two 


mustn't 


to-day 


President 


planning 


immediately 


orchestra 


studying 


coordinate 


paragraph 


semester 


rhetoric 


literature 


discussion 


classics 


textbook 


seventh 


senior 


subordinate 


respectfully 


coming 


punctual 


absence 


correctness 


vehicle 


throughout 


prepositional 


phrase 


cafeteria 


pretty 


handsome 


journalism 


debate 


reference 


editor 


newspaper 


atmosphere 


clause 


street car 


particular 


assignment 


instructor 


information 


transferred 


manager 


usually 


composition 


generally 


wherever 


recitation 


principal 


following 


mistakes 


written 


adjustment 


erase 


envelope 


finances 


typewriter 


vocational 


continue 


industries 


losing 


loosing 


circulation 


coming 



Words not in this list but misspelt by the pupils may well be 
added. The Individual Method is used in the teaching of spelling. The 
division of the words between syllables, at the ends of lines, is brought 
before the pupils. 

System of Marking : 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistakes on a page of written work 

or in an oral recitation. 

(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the 
average of the grades of all the pages.) 



Literature. 
Textbooks : 

Required, Treasure Island — during the first nine weeks of the 
semester; Selections from Holton's Reader — during the second 
nine weeks of the semester. 

Supplementary. 

Title Author Publisher 

Baldwin's Abraham Lincoln Am. Book Co. 

Baldwin's Stories of the King Am. Book Co. 

Black Beauty Sewell Dodge Pub. Co. 

Eight Cousins Alcott Little, Brown & Co. 

Fifty Famous Rides and Riders Am. Book Co. 

Howell's Stories of Ohio Am. Book Co. 

Jack and Jill Alcott Little, Brown & Co. 

Joe's Luck Alger New York Book Co. 

Jo's Boys Alcott Little, Brown & Co. 

Krag and Johnny Bear Seton Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Lance of Kanana French Lothrop, Lee & Shepard 

Little Lame Prince Craik Harper & Bros. 

Little Men Alcott Little, Brown & Co. 

Little Women Alcott. Little, Brown & Co. 

Marden's Stories from Life Am. Book Co. 

Mark Stanton Alger New York Book Co. 

Musick's Story of Missouri Am. Book Co. 

Nicholson's Stories of Dixie Am. Book Co. 

Nixon-Roulet's Indian Folk Tales..... , Am. Book Co. 

Old-Fashioned Girl Alcott Little, Brown & Co. 

Polly Oliver's Problem Wiggin Houghton Mifflin Co. 

Purcell's Stories of Old Kentucky Am. Book Co. 

Pygmalion — In Bulfinch's Age of Fable..Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 

Rab and His Friends Brown Dodge Pub. Co. 

Ranch on the Oxhide Inman MacMillan Co. 

Robinson Crusoe Defoe Am. Book Co. 

Rose in Bloom Alcott Little, Brown & Co. 

Seven American Classics Am. Book Co. 

Shifting for Himself Alger New York Book Co. 

Story of Lafayette Burton Am. Book Co. 

Story of Lewis and Clark Kingsley Am. Book Co. 

Stories of Maine Swett Am. Book Co. 

Swiss Family Robinson Wyse G. W. Jacobs & Co. 

The Gold Bug Poe Duffield & Co. 

The Golden Fleece — In Bulfinch's Age of Fable.-Lothrop, L. & S. Co. 

The Pilot Cooper Am. Book Co. 

The Pot of Gold and Other Stories.. Wilkins Lothrop, L. & S. Co. 

The Revolt of Mother (In New Eng Nun. Series) ..Wilkins....L., L. & S. 

Under the Lilacs Alcott Little, Brown & Co. 

Whitehead's Two Great Southerners.. ..Wilkins Am. Book Co. 

Wolf Patrol Tinnemore Macmillan Co. 

Young Lucretia and Other Stories. .Alcott Harper & Co. 

—6— 



Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week 
— Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. 
The books on the supplementary list are not studied; they fur- 
nish the material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads 
one of them during the semester and makes an oral report on it 
before his class. 

System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is 
marked on test questions that are worded so as to force answers 
that are either right or wrong and that may be, therefore, defin- 
itely marked. The work done by pupils in the supplementary 
reading is marked according to the teacher's judgment of its 
value. If any pupil makes no report on a book from the Supple- 
mentary Reading List, his grade is limited at the end of the 
semester to D. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 

I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 






OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

SEVEN A GRADE (ENG. II) 



Composition— Oral and Written. 
Textbooks : 

Required, Howland's Advanced Lessons in English-during the en- 
tire semester; 

References for Teachers, Reed and Kellogg's Elementary School 
Grammar and Johansen's Projects in Action English. 

Time: 

Composition is taught three days a week — Monday, Wednes- 
day, and Friday. The material for composition is taken from the 
daily experience of the pupils and is presented by means of pro- 
jects. Each pupil gives each week, at least, one carefully pre- 
pared oral theme not longer than three minutes, and one carefully 
written theme. The written theme need not be longer than two 
hundred words. (The oral report on one book selected from the 
Supplementary Book List, may be ten minutes long.) 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. Constant review of the Essentials taught in Seven B. Grade. 

2. Complex, unified sentences. Howland, pages 13-14 (first half) , 
99-100, 238-241 ; Reed and Kellogg, pages 102-131 ; Johansen, 
pages 71-82. 

3. Punctuation, comma. Howland, short, informal quotations, 
paa:e 275, adverbial modifiers, page 277, and subject ending 
with a verb, page 247. 

4. Paragraph development. Development of assigned topic — 
Howland, pages 8, 248-250 ; Reed and Kellogg, pages 102-133 ; 
Johansen, pages 159-170. 

5. Verbs. Forms of "go," "lay," "know." (The pupils are not 
sure of the forms of these verbs.) 

(While pronouns are not included in these Essentials for the 
7A grade, they should not be wholly neglected. The constant 
use of pronouns without antecedents may well be explained to 
the pupils as an example of lack of clearness in their themes. 
Such explanations open the way for the definite teaching of 
the pronoun as one of the Minimum Essentials in the work of 
8B grade (Eng. III). Further, while the making of any out- 
line is not included in the Minimum Essentials for this grade, 
pupils may well be given some instructions that will aid them 
to plan their weekly talks and themes, and their book reports. 

6. Spelling. Spelling presents the most persistently difficult 
problem in the composition work. It is, therefore, given more 
time in the teaching schedule than any other of the Essen- 
tials. It is taught three days a week — Monday, Wednesday, 
and Friday — twenty minutes each day and five minutes a day 
on Tuesday and Thursday. In the I -{-classes, eight words are 
taught each week; in the I classes, six words; and in the I- 

—8— 



classes, four words. These words are taught and tested on 
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday and are reviewed on Tues- 
day and Thursday. The test is given the last four minutes of 
the Spelling period. For the test the words taught are incor- 
porated in a paragraph and the paragraph is dictated to the 
pupils. The following list of words is the list taught. It is 
made up of words often misspelt in the pupils' themes. To 
this list, however, must be added at least thirty words often 
misspelt in history, science or mathematics tests. 



automobile 


losing 


adviser's 


benefit 


conference 


misspelt 


assemblies 


bicycle 


distinguish 


picture 


attack 


declarative 


described 


manufacture 


cafeteria 


interrogative 


evidence 


receiving 


dialects 


orchestra 


known 


recite 


dialogues 


minstrels 


occur 


regularly 


examination 


satisfy 


manner 


splendid 


library 


come 


publish 


too 


exercises 


didn't 


secure 


brothers 


pacified 


wouldn't 


auditorium 


chiefs 


poison 


speeches 


superintendent 


especially 


principle 


usable 


aren't 


haughty 


roam 


whoever 


inasmuch 


democratic 


mustn't 


principles 


arithmetic 


disturbed 


principal 


cried 


cartoon 


excellent 


sense 


interesting 


avoid 


groceries 


sometimes 


learned 


helpful 


heaved 


studying 


diligently 


expression 


imitate 


twelfth 


man's 


require 


industrious 


darkness 


pencil 


realize 


beautifully 


government 


carefully 


seniors 


capital 


history 


careless 


betrothal 


cleverly 


Judge 


East 


bulletin 


committee 


Wednesday 


patiently 


studied 


costumes 


junior 


religious 



The Individual Method is used in the teaching of the spelling. The 
division of the words between syllables, at the ends of lines, is brought 
before the pupils. 

System of Marking : 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 

A — a pupil may not make any mistake on a page of written work 
or in an oral recitation. 

(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the 
average of the grade of all the pages.) 



Literature. 
Textbooks : 

Required, Curry's Literary Readings — Miles Standish, Evangel- 
ine, and Enoch Arden, used during the entire semester. 
Supplementary, Everyday Classic for eighth grade by Baker and 

Thorndike. The Youth's Companion as much as possible. 
Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week 
— Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. 
The books on the Supplementary list are not studied; they fur- 
nish the material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads 
three stories in the "Classic Reader" and, as far as possible, a 
story in "The Youth's Companion." Each pupil makes an oral re- 
port on one of the stories read before his class. 
System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is 
marked on test questions that are worded so as to force answers 
that are either right or wrong and may be, therefore definitely 
marked. The work done by pupils in the supplementary reading 
is marked according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If 
any pupil makes no report on a book from the Supplementary 
Book List, his grade is limited at the end of the semester to D. 
Make Up of Semester Grade. 
I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the pu- 
pils shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



—10— 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

EIGHT B GRADE (ENG, III) 

Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks : 

Required, Howland's Advanced Lessons in English — during 

the entire semester ; 

References for Teachers, Reed and Kellogg's Elementary 

School Grammar and Johansen's Projects in Action English. 
Time. 

Composition is taught three days a week — Monday, Wednes- 
day, Friday. The material for composition is taken from the daily 
experience of the pupils and is presented by means of projects. 
Each pupil gives, each week, at least one carefully prepared oral 
theme not longer than four minutes, and one carefully prepared 
written theme. The written theme need not be longer than one 
page, or two hundred and fifty words. (The oral report on one 
book from the Supplementary Book List, may be ten minutes in 
length.) 
Minimum Essentials: 

1. Compound, unified sentences. Howland, page 14, 146-147, 242 ; 
Reed and Kellogg, pages 140-141; Johansen, lessons 21, 23. 
(Lessons 24, 25, 27-28 may be adapted by teachers to the 
compound sentence work.) 

2. Punctuation — semicolon. The following rules for the use of 
the semicolon are informing and may be well illustrated be- 
fore the pupils. They show reason for the position of the 
clauses in a compound sentence ; that is, they define the rela- 
tion of the second clause, the third, etc., to the first clause. 
(1.) A semicolon joins two clauses when the second explains 
the first, or illustrates it, or is contrasted with it. 

The day is unpleasant; the sun is hidden. (Explains.) 
Apples are expensive; they are ten cents each. (Illustrates.) 
John went to town ; Mary went to the country. (Contrasted) 
(2.) A semicolon joins two or more clauses that have a com- 
mon dependence. 

There are two questions to decide : first, shall we concede ; 

and second, what shall the concession be. 

(3.) A semicolon joins clauses that bring out a central idea. 

The sun sank in the west; the shadows lengthened; the 

bird voices became drowsy ; and the snake crawled into its den. 

3. Paragraph Development: Development of assigned topic — 
Howland, pages 8, 248-250 ; Reed and Kellogg, pages 102-133 ; 
Johansen, pages 159-170. 

4. Pronouns, "you" and "we" with their antecedents expressed. 
Howland, pages 248-250 ; Johansen, pages 159-170 ; Hotchkiss 
and Drew, pages 85-102. 

5. Verbs. Forms "come," "lie," "sit." (The pupils are not sure 
of the forms of these verbs.) 

6. Constant Review of the Essentials Taught in Seven B and A 
Grades. (While the making of an outline is not included in 

11 — 



the Minimum Essentials for this grade, pupils may well be 
given some instruction that will aid them to plan their week- 
ly talks and themes and their book reports.) 
Spelling. Spelling presents the most persistently difficult 
problem in the Composition work. It is, therefore, given more 
time in the teaching schedule than any other of the Essentials. 
It is taught three days a week — Monday, Wednesday, and 
Friday — twenty minutes each day and five minutes a day on 
Tuesday and Thursday. In the I + classes eight words are 
taught each week; in the I classes six words; and in the I- 
classes, four a week. These words are taught and tested on 
Monday, Wednesday and Friday and are reviewed on Tues- 
ay and Thursday. The test is given the last four minutes of 
the Spelling time. For the test the words are incorporated 
in a paragraph and the paragraph is dictated to the pupils. 
The list of words taught is taken in part from the pupils' 
themes and in part from their test papers. To this list must 
be added, however, at least thirty words often misspelt in 
history, science and mathematics tests. 



United States 


handsome 


numerous 


mayor 


all right 


Jim 


position 


viaduct 


companies 


keen 


betrothal 


advisor's 


dining 


practices 


bulletin 


assemblies 


fragrance 


writing 


curtain 


attack 


North 


amendment 


especially 


cafeteria 


prairie 


agriculture 


heaved 


dialogues 


blossoms 


attractive 


haughty 


examination 


eagle's 


comparison 


imitate 


exercises 


football 


cultivated 


industrious 


any one 


ninety 


experience 


caught 


Sunday 


razor 


decide 


favorite 


regularly 


registered 


district 


opponent 


appeal 


planning 


rate 


perplexed 


fielder 


guarded 


receive 


petals 


country 


separate 


several 


recitation 


costumes 


welfare 


neither 


rhetoric 


opponent 


tiresome 


caught 


comma 


caught 


Indiana 


favorite 


cupboard 


important 


acquainted 


opponent 


decorated 


amendment 


armful 


perplexed 


currants 


experience 


assembly 


petals 


department 


decide 


athletics 


recitation 


enormous 


district 


daybreak 


rhetoric 


exceedingly 


neither 


gym 


spins 


John's 


hearing 



The Individual Method is used in the teaching of spelling. The 
division of the words between syllables, at the ends of lines, is brought 
before the pupils. 
System of Marking: 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 



—12— 



written work or in an oral recitation ; 

B a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 

A a pupil may not make any mistakes on a page of written work 

or in oral recitation. 
(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the 
average of all the pages.) 
Literature: 

Textbooks: 

Required, Church's Iliad— during the first nine weeks of the sem- 
ester ; Marmion — during the second nine weeks of the semester. 

Supplementary: 

Title Author Publisher 

Little Lord Fauntleroy Burnett Chas. Scribner's Sons 

A Boy's Town Howell Harper & Bros. 

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.. Carroll Macmillan Co. 

Beautiful Joe Saunders Am. Baptist Pub. Co. 

Black Rock Connor Revell & Co. 

Bob, Son of Battle Ollivant Doubleday, Page & Co. 

Boy's Life of Edison Meadowcroft Harper & Bros. 

Captain January Richards Page Co. 

Captains Courageous Kipling Century Co. 

Dr. Luke of the Labrador Duncan Revell & Co. 

Gallegher Davis Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Gulliver's Travels Swift Macmillan Co. 

Huckleberry Finn Twain Harper & Bros. 

Janice Meredith Ford Dodd, Mead & Co. 

Jim Davis Masefield Grosset & Dunlap 

Kidnapped — Stevenson Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Legend of Three Beautiful Princesses..Irving....Houghton, Mifflin Co. 

Martin Hyde, the Duke's Messenger.Masefield Little, Brown & Co. 

Luck of the Dudley Grahams Haines Henry Holt & Co. 

Men of Iron Pyle Harper & Bros. 

Penrod Tarkington Grosset & Dunlap 

Peter and Wendy Barrie A. C. McClurg 

Quentin Durward Scott D. Appleton & Co. 

Red Pepper Burns. Richmond A. L. Burt & Co. 

Red Badge of Courage Crane A. C. McClurg 

Tales of My Grandfather Scott.. A. C. McClurg 

The Blue Flower Van Dyke Revell & Co. 

The Boy Scout Davis Chas. Scribner's Sons 

The Deerslayer Cooper ...G. P. Putman & Sons 

The Golden Fleece Baldwin 

The Luck of Roaring Camp Harte A. C. McClurg 

The Moore's Legacy Irving Houghton, Mifflin Co. 

The Prince and the Pauper Twain Harper & Bros. 

The Secret Garden Burnett Grosset & Dunlap 

The Sky Pilot Connor Grosset & Dunlap 

The Sampo Baldwin Chas. Scribner's Sons 

The Strike at Shane Anonymous Flannagan & Co. 

Through a Looking Glass Carroll Macmillan Co. 

Twice Told Tales — Selections Hawthorne.— Houghton, Mifflin Co. 

—13— 



Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week 
Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. The 
books in the supplementary list are not studied ; they furnish the 
material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one of them 
during the semester and makes an oral report on it before his 
class. 
System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is mark- 
ed on test questions that are worded so as to force answers that 
are either right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 
The work done by pupils in the supplementary reading is marked 
according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If any pupil 
makes no report, his grade is limited at the end of the semester 
toD. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 
I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the pupil 
shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



—14- 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

EIGHT A GRADE (ENG. IV) 

Composition— Oral and Written. 

Textbooks * 

Required. Howland's advanced Lessons in English— during the 

entire semester * 

Reference Books for Teachers. Johansen's Projects in Action 

English. 

" Composition is taught three days a week— Monday, Wednes- 
day, and Friday. The material for composition is taken from the 
daily experience of the pupils and is presented by means of pro- 
jects. Each pupils gives, at least one carefully prepared written 
theme each week. The oral theme should not be many seconds 
shorter than five minutes ; the written theme need not be longer 
than three hundred words. (The oral report on one book selected 
from the Supplementary Book List, may be ten minutes long.) 
Minimum Essentials: 

1. Compound-Complex, Unified Sentences. Johansen, pages 138- 
139, 146-148. 

2. Punctuation, Semicolon and Colon. The following rules for 
the use of the semicolon are included in the Essentials of Eng. 
IV as well as in the Essentials of Eng. Ill, first, because the 
mastery of them is difficult and, second, because the use of 
them is imperative in compound sentences. These rules are 
selected for presentation to the pupils because they are "in- 
forming." They show cause for the position of the clauses in 
a compound sentence ; that is, they define the relation of the 
second clause, or the third or fourth, in a compound sentence, 
to the first clause. 

(1.) A semicolon joins two clauses when the second clause 
explains the first, or illustrates it, or is contrasted with it 
The day is unpleasant; the sun is hidden. (Explains.) 
Apples are expensive ; they are ten cents each. (Illustrates.) 
John went to town ; Mary went to the country. (Contrasted) 
(2.) A semicolon joins two clauses that have a common de- 
pendence. 

There are two questions to decide : first, shall we concede ; 
second, what shall the concession be? (Common dependence) 
(3.) A semicolon joins clauses that bring out a central idea. 
The sun sank in the west; the shadows lengthened; the 
bird voices became drowsy; the snake crawled slowly into 
its den. 

The new work for the Eng. IV is the use of the colon. The 
following rules are as the semicolon rules "informing ;" they 
enable the pupils "to put sentences together definitely." 
(1.) The colon is used before an enumeration of particulars 
formally introduced. 

The five ways in which coherence is commonly violated are 
as follows: by illogical order, by unnecessary change of 
construction, by lack of agreement between subject and 

—15— 



predicate, by faulty reference of pronouns and participles, 
and by inexact punctuation. (Enumeration of particulars) 

(2.) A colon is used before a quotation when formally in- 
troduced. 
This is a precept of Socrates: "Know thyself." (Quotation) 

(3.) A colon is used after a salutation. 
My dear Sir: (Salutation) 

3. Coherence. Hitchcock and Drew, pages 24-32 (to "reference 
of the pronoun") . 

4. Paragraph Development. Development of assigned topic — 
Howland, pages 8, 248-250; Reed and Kellogg, pages 102-133; 
Johansen, pages 159-179. (In the paragraph work in this 
grade special attention is given to the wording of the topic 
sentence and to its place in the paragraph.) 

5. Pronouns. "They," "his," "them," with their antecedents ex- 
pressed, Howland, pages 55-66, 191 ; Reed and Kellogg, pages 
174-176. 

6. Verbs. Forms of "be." (The pupils are not sure of the 
forms of this verb.) 

7. Constant review of the Essentials taught in Seven B and A 
grades, and in Eight B grade. 

(While the making of an outline is not included in the Mini- 
mum Essentials of this grade, pupils may well be given some 
instruction that will aid them to plan their weekly talks, 
themes and their book reports.) 

The time for spelling in this grade is shortened to five 
minutes each day. This shortening of the time is made on 
the assumption that pupils have had steady drill in the work 
for over a year and that they are able to learn the spelling 
work in a snorter time than they were at first. The spelling 
is, therefore, taught four days a week — Tuesday, Wednesday, 
Thursday, Friday — five minutes each day. The meaning of 
five words is taught on Tuesday and the spelling of these five 
words, on Wednesday; the meaning of five new words is 
taught on Thursday and the spelling of these words on Friday. 
The words are tested on the next Monday. The following list 
of words is the list taught. It is made up of words most often 
misspelt in the pupils' themes and test papers. To this list, 
however, must be added at least thirty words often misspelt 
in history, science or mathematics tests. 



automobile 

conference 

advertise 

disturbed 

government 

principles 

envelope 

secure 

slowly 

usable 

opinion 

inquiries 

really 



magazine 

Arkansas 

Fort Gibson 

Indian 

applicant 

o'clock 

democrat 

sandwich 

which 

operation 

although 

territory 

banister 



finally 

circumstances 

disrespectful 

diviser 

multiplying 

interview 

separate 

commercial 

coming 

literary 

beginning 

grammar 

haughty 



sirup 

civics 

attorney 

secretary 

minstrel 

confederates 

Alamo 

knocked 

constitute 

one-fourth 

definitely 

twenty-four 

written 



—16— 



forgotten 


business 


especially 


salutation 


running 


classroom 


thundering 


semicolon 


salesman 


Thursday 


description 


formally 


scenery- 


February 


imitate 


prosperous 


supposed 


acquainted 


perplexed 


foreign 


scholars 


organize 


constitution 


stationary 


student 


opportunity 


bicycle 


swimming 


quotation 


Canadian 


customer 


earliest 


supposed 


arithmetic 


fourth 


installed 


together 


numerator 


supplementary 


Ozark 


cousin 


denominator 


neighbor 


trolley 



The Individual Method is used in the teaching of the spelling. The 
division of the words between syllables, at the ends of lines, is brought 
before the pupils. 
System of Marking: 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistakes on a page of written work 
or in an oral recitation. 

(If a theme is more than one page in length, the grade may be 
the average of the grades of all the pages.) 
Literature. 
Textbooks: 

Required, La;y of the Last Minstrel — during the first nine weeks 
of the semester; As You Like It — during the second nine weeks 
of the semester. 
Supplementary. 
Title Author Publisher 

A Prairie Rose Bush Little, Brown & Co. 

Cruise of the Dazzler London Century Co. 

Cruise of the "Ghost" Alden Harper Bros. 

Dog of Flanders Ramee' .. Lippincott 

Five Little Peppers Abroad Sidney.-Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 

Five Little Peppers and How 

They Grew Sidney.-Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 

Five Little Peppers Grown Up Sidney.-Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 

Five Little Peppers and 

Their Friends Sidney..Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 

Five Little Peppers at School Sidney.-Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 

Five Little Peppers Midway Sidney.-Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 

Glengarry School Days Connor Revell & Co. 

Greyfriars Bobby Atkinson Harper & Bros. 

Keepers of the Trail Altsheler D. Appleton & Co. 

Moral Pirates Alden... Harper & Bros. 

Nan at Camp Chicopee Hamlin Little, Brown & Co. 

Nannie's Happy Childhood Field Houghton Mifflin Co. 

Phronsie Pepper Sidney.-Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co. 



—17— 



Title Author Publisher 

Sara Crew Burnett Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Story of a Bad Boy Aldrich Harper & Bros. 

Stories for Boys Davis Chas. Scribner's Sons 

The Texan Scouts: A Story of 

the Alamo and Gilead Altsheler D. Appleton & Co. 

Two Little Confederates Page Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Tom Sawyer Twain Harper & Bros. 

Wee Willie Winkie Kipling Doubleday, Page & Co. 

Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week — 
Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. The 
books on the supplementary list are not studied ; they furnish the 
material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one of them 
during the semester and makes an oral report on it before his 
class. 
System of Marking, 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is marked 
on test questions that are worded so as to force answers that are 
either right or wrong and may, therefore, be definitely marked. 
The work done by pupils in the supplementary reading is marked 
according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If any pupil 
makes no report his grade is limited at the end of the semester 
toD. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 
I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester's grade. 



—18— 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

NINE B GRADE (ENG. V) 

Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks : 

Required, Webster's Secondary School Dictionary — during the 
entire semester. 

References for Teachers, Swinton's Word Analysis, Hill's Begin- 
nings of Rhetoric and Hitchcock and Drew's Business English. 

Time. 

The study of words is taught three days a week — Monday, 
Wednesday and Friday. As much composition work is given as is 
needed to keep the Minimum Essentials learned in the Seventh 
and Eighth grades in the minds of the pupils. Pupils are urged to 
use the words studied Monday, Wednesay and Friday in the com- 
positions that they write. Each pupil should prepare one oral 
theme not longer than four minutes each week, and one written 
theme every other week. (The oral report on one book selected 
from the Supplementary Book List, may be ten minutes long.) 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. Supervision of the Essentials taught in 7B, 7A, 8B, and 8A 
grades. Careful attention is given to the Essentials that are 
taught in the four preceding grades. A special review of the 
sentence forms is carried out. 

2. Variety in Sentence Structure. Johansen, pages 32-36, 136- 
137, 140-141- first half, 142-148, 152-154; Hitchcock, pages 
64-74. (Review of simple, complex, and compound sentences, 
Clippinger — Bk. I, pages 151-175.) 

3. Outline. Clippinger, Book I, pages 91, 88-90, 135-136. (The 
following rules may be helpful in the teaching of the outline. 
(1) Careful attention should be given to the lettering and 
numbering of the points in the outline in order to show the 
relation of the points to each other. (2) A point in an outline 
in order to be divided must have, at least, two subheads. (3) 
Points in an outline must be clear cut; that is, the material 
under them must not overlap. (4) Care should be given to 
the order in which the points are placed in the outline; the 
second must grow out of the first, the third out of the second, 
etc., and all must have a close relation to the subject.) 

4. Spelling. The time for spelling in this grade is shortened to 
five minutes each day. This shortening of the time is made 
on the assumption that the pupils have had steady drill in the 
work for over a year and that they are able to learn the spell- 
ing work in a shorter time than they were at first. The spell- 
ing is taught, therefore, four days a week, Tuesday, Wednes- 
day, Thursday and Friday, five minutes each day. The mean- 
ing of five words is taught on Tuesday and the spelling of 
these five words is taught on Wednesday; the meaning of 
five new words is taught on Thursday and the spelling of 
these words on Friday. The words are tested on Monday. 
The following list of words is the list taught. It is made up 
of words most often misspelt in the pupils' themes and test 

—19— 



papers. To this list must be added, at least, thirty words 
often misspelt in history, science and mathematics tests. 



annual 


opportunity 


optimist 


alamode 


yearly 


occasion 


pessimist 


affidavit 


coupon 


thesis 


mischievous 


humorous 


avow 


candidacy 


wharves 


physician 


acknowledge 


Kans. 


recognized 


eccentric 


admit 


further 


interrupted 


dairy 


continuous 


farther 


acquaintance 


diary 


privilege 


marvelous 


amplify 


accurate 


recommend 


carrying 


Rowena 


correct 


gradually 


oxygen 


Rebecca 


probability 


abandon 


almost 


Cedric 


license 


desert 


nearly 


Bois Guilbert 


mortgage 


duplicate 


disloyalty 


bankruptcy 


agency 


appreciate 


electricity 


originally 


bureau 


Coeur de Lion 


dismissal 


proposition 


remodeled 


only 


alone 


alibi 


biennial 


alias 


ludicrous 


memorandum 


university 


commissioner 


substitute 


disappoint 


lading 


conference 


anticipate 


leisure 


semester 


kill 


referred 


postscript 


plateau 


murder 


protege' 


post office 


ignis fatuus 


patois 


postmaster 


mandamus 


Okla. 


Ark. 


epidemic 


rendezvous 


glacier 


cooperative 


financial 


blase' 


extempore 


employee 


algebra 


Front de Boeuf 


Beaumanoir 



The Individual Method is used in the teaching of spelling. The 
division of the words between syllables, at the ends of the lines, is 
brought before the pupils. 
System of Marking: 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistake on a page of written work 
or in an oral recitation. 

(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the 
average of all the pages.) 
Literature. 

Textbooks : 

Required, Ivanhoe, during the first nine weeks of the semester; 
during the second nine weeks of the semester, The Oregon Trail. 
Supplementary : 
Title Author Publisher 

Anne of Green Gables L. M. Montgomery Page Co. 

Boy's Life of Theodore Roosevelt.-Hagedorn Harper & Co. 

Boy's Life of Lincoln Nicolay Century Co. 

Boy's Life of Gen. Sheridan Goss T. Y. Crowell & Co. 

—20— 



Title Author Publisher 

Custer, the General E. B. Custer...,. Harper & Co. 

Call of the Wild London Century Co. 

Cattle Ranch to College R. Doubleday Grosset & Dunlap 

College Years R. D. Payne Grosset & Dunlap 

David Crockeett Abbott Dodd, Mead & Co. 

David Crockett ("Remember the 

Alamo") — (In their Hero Lodge and 

Tales from Am. Hist.) Roosevelt Century Co. 

David Crockett (The Defense of 

the Alamo) (In Paget's 

Poems of Am. Patriotism.).— Joaquin Miller Page Co. 

Daniel Boone Abbott Dodd, Mead & Co. 

Donald and Dorothy Dodge Century Co. 

He Knew Lincoln Tarbell Doubleday, Page & Co. 

Hoosier School Boy Eggleston Chas. Scribner's Sons 

In Colonial Times Wilkins Lothrop, Lee & S. Co. 

Life of Clara Barton Epler Macmillan & Co. 

Life of Jesus of Nazareth Hole Nelson & Sons 

Life on the Mississippi Twain Harper & Bros. 

Lincoln (In Hero Tales from Am. Lodge and 

Hist.) Roosevelt G. P. Putnam's Sons 

Loyal Blue and Royal Scarlet Taggart Benziger Bros. 

Nathan Hale and John Andre, 

Two Spies Lossing D. Appleton & Co. 

Old Creole Days Cable Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Ramona Jackson Little, Brown & Co. 

The Prince of the House of David. .Ingraham Merrill & Baker 

Trail of the Lonesome Pine Fox Grosset & Dunlap 

Vane of the Timberlands Bindioss Grosset & Dunlap 

Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week, 
Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. The 
books on the supplementary list are not studied ; they furnish the 
material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one of them 
during the semester and makes an oral report on it before his 
class. 
System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is marked 
on test questions that are worded so as to force answers that are 
either right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 
Th work done by pupils in the supplementary reading is marked 
according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If any pupil 
makes no report his grade is limited at the end of the semester to D. 
Make Up of Semester Grade. 
I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the pupil 
shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 

—21— 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

NINE A GRADE (ENG. VI.) 

Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks : 

Required, Webster's Secondary School Dictionary — during the en- 
tire semester; Clippinger's Written and Spoken English, Book I 
— during the entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric. 
References for Teachers, Swinton's Word Analysis, Hill's Begin- 
nings of Rhetoric, and Hitchcock and Drew's Business English. 

Time. 

The study of words is taught three days a week — Monday, 
Wednesday, Friday. As much composition work is given as is 
needed to make the use of the Minimum Essentials learned in the 
Seventh and Eighth grades habit on the part of the pupils. Pupils 
are urged to use the words studied in the work of Monday, Wed- 
nesday, and Friday in the compositions that they write. Each 
pupil should prepare one oral theme, not shorter than five minutes 
each week, and one written theme once each week. (The oral 
report on one book selected from the Supplementary Book List, 
may be ten minutes long.) 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. Supervision of the Essentials taught in 7B, 7A, 8B, 8A, and 
9B grades is given in order to make, as far as an additional 
semester's work can make, the use of them by the pupils, 
habit. 

2. Variety in Sentence Structure (periodic, balanced.) Reed & 
Kellogg, page 136 (note) balanced — 313 periodic; Johansen, 
pages 140, 145, 152, 153, 154 — periodic; Hitchcock, pages 69- 
70 — balanced and periodic. 

3. Outline. Clippinger Book I, pages 91, 88-90, 135-136. (The 
following rules may be helpful in the teaching of the outline. 

(1) Careful attention should be given to the lettering and 
the numbering of the points in the outline in order to show 
the relation of the points to each other. 

(2) A point in an outline, in order to be divided, must have, 
at least, two subheads. 

(3) Points in an outline must be clear cut; that is the ma- 
terial under them must not overlap. 

(4) Care must be given to the order in which the points are 
placed in the outline ; the second must grow out of the first, 
third out of the second, etc., and all must have a close re- 
lation to the subject. The work of the outline in Eng. VI 
carries the outline to a greater length in point of space than 
did the work of the outline in Eng. V. 

4. Spelling. The time for spelling in this grade is shortened to 
five minutes a day. This shortening of the time is made on 
the assumption that pupils have had steady drill in the work 
for a year and a half and that they are able to learn the spell- 
ing work in a shorter time then they were at first. The 
spelling is taught, therefore, four days a week — Tuesday, 

—22— 



Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday — five minutes each day. 
The meaning of five words is taught on Tuesday and the 
spelling of these words is taught Wednesday; the meaning 
of five more words is taught on Thursday and the spelling 
of these words on Friday. The words are tested Monday. 
The following list of words is taught. It is made up of words 
most-often misspelt in the pupils* themes and test papers. 
To this list, however, must be added at least, thirty words 
often misspelt in history, science and mathematics tests. 



analysis 


efficiency 


parasite 


anterior 


vacuum 


posterior 


barometer 


intervening 


molecule 


phosphorous 


quicklime 


hemisphere 


Fahrenheit 


schedule 


cactus 


illuminated 


mercury 


coefficient 


triangle 


microbes 


Pyncheon 


animalcule 


merchandise 


extravagant 


Phoebe 


populous 


ganglia 


countenance 


signifies 


microbes 


fungi 


preparations 


peculiarities 


irrigate 


manageable 


individuality 


elementary 


locally 


larvae 


sensitive 


appendages 


legible 


appearance 


household 


Danish 


brigand 


occurrence 


prominent 


telegraph 


emigrant 


immigrant 


hypotheses 


recompense 


alkali 


occurred 


ambiguous 


centimeter 


repel 


extremely 


multitude 


chrysalis 


expel 


inferior 


attached 


ennui 


include 


uniformity 


mollusk 


corpuscles 


diphtheria 


pepsin 


disturbance 


ammonia 


triangle 


therefore 


administer 


vertebra 


secondary 


abdomen 


inflammable 


tentacle 


precipitate 


among 


disagreeable 


nitrogen 


specimen 


their 


conclusions 


amalgamation 


species 


ambitious 


diaphragm 


artisan 


arteries 


consequently 


agriculture 


studies 


appendages 


arrangement 


inversely 



The Individual Method is used in the teaching of the spelling. 
The division of the words between syllables, at the ends of lines, is 
brought before the pupils. 
System of Marking: 
In order to make a grade of — 
D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistakes on a page of written work 
or in an oral recitation. 
Literature. 
Textbooks : 

Required, The House of the Seven Gables — during the first nine 
weeks of the semester; Merchant of Venice — during the second 
nine weeks of the semester. 



—23- 



Supplementary. 

Name Author Publisher 

Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm Wiggin Houghton Mifflin Co. 

Richard Carvel Churchill Grosset & Dunlap 

Sheridan's Ride (In Paget's Poems 

of Am. Patriotism) Read Page Co. 

Stickeen Muir. Houghton Mifflin Co. 

Sydney Carteret, Rancher Eindloss Grosset & Dunlap 

Story of the Other Wise Man Van Dyke Harper & Bros. 

The Beach Patrol Drysdale W. A. Wilde & Co. 

The Boy Scouts and Other Stories. .Davis. Chas. Scribner's Sons 

The Deerslayer Cooper G. P. Putnam's Sons 

The Gaunt Gray Wolf Wallace Revell & Co. 

The Gold Trail Bindloss Grosset & Dunlap 

The Long Trail H. Garland Hagedorn 

The Shepherd of the Hills Wright A. L. Burt & Co. 

The Spy Cooper G. P. Putnam's Sons 

The Virginian Wister Grosset & Dunlap 

The White Mail Cy Warman..Chas. Scribner's Sons 

The Young Supercargo.. Drysdale W. A. Wilde & Co. 

The Man from Glengarry Connor Revell & Co. 

Tommy Remmington's Battle Stevenson Century Co. 

Trail of the Lonesome Pine Fox... .....Grosset & Dunlap 

Trail of the Sandhill Stag Seton Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Under Six Flags. Davis Stokes 

Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week, 
Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. The 
books on the Supplementary List are not studied; they furnish 
the material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one of 
them during the semester and makes an oral report on it before 
his class. 
System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is marked 
on test questions that are worded so as to force answers that are 
either right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 
The work done by pupils in the supplementary reading is marked 
according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If any pupil 
makes no report his grade is limited at the end of the semester 
to D. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 
I. . The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



—24— 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

TEN B GRADE (ENG. VII) 

Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks : 

Required, Clippinger's Written and Spoken English — Book II, 
during the entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks and 
Hubbard Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke's Rhetoric. 
References for teachers, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks 
and Hubbard Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke, 
Genung's Practical Element of Rhetoric, Genung's Working Prin- 
ciples of Rhetoric. 

Time. 

Composition is taught three days a week, Monday, Wednesday, 
Friday. The material for composition is taken from the daily 
experience of the pupils and is presented by means of projects. 
The project used in this grade extends throughout the semester; 
the grade members are members of a Kiwanis Club in imitation 
of the adult club. Very careful attention is given to Parlia- 
mentary Drill. Each pupil gives, at least, one carefully prepared 
written theme each week and one oral theme. These themes 
range from a letter or speech of condolence on the death of a 
member of the club to an address of welcome to the President of 
the United States on his visit to the city, or to the drawing up of 
a constitution for the club. (The oral report on one book selected 
from the Supplementary Book List may be thirty minutes in 
length.) 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. Review. Careful review is given to the Essentials of all the 
preceding grades in order to keep the pupils up to the degree 
of habitual correctness that they have acquired. 

2. Relation of Paragraph to Outline. The relation of the para- 
graph to the outline is carefully taught. Clippinger, Book II, 
pages 90-91, 95-96, 100-101. 

3. Coherence Between Sentences and Between Paragraphs. 
Hitchcock and Drew, pages 94-100. 

4. Figures of Speech — Simile, metaphor, metonymy. Simile, 
Reed and Kellogg, pages 156, 336, 343-344; Metaphor, pages 
45 (note), 156, 336, 342-344; Metonymy, pages 183, 336, 
342-344. 

5. Spelling. The time for spelling in this grade is five minutes 
each day. The spelling is taught Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs- 
day, Friday. The meaning of five words is taught on Tues- 
day and the spelling of these words is taught Wednesday; 
the meaning of five new words is taught Thursday and the 
spelling of these words Friday. The words are tested on 
Monday. The following list of words is the list taught. To 
this list, however, may be added any words often misspelt 
by the pupils. This list is taken, in part, from test papers, 
and the pupils' themes. 

—25— 



government 


disappoint 


ninety 


prohibited 


omission 


dissatisfaction 


preferred 


financier 


superintendent 


eighth 


leisure 


dioxide 


primitive 


studying 


committee 


involuntary 


sophomore 


recommend 


guide 


barometer 


defer 


whether 


hoeing 


hygienic 


lightning 


conscience 


changeable 


equaled 


altogether 


persevere 


conceive 


judiciary 


supplement 


auditor 


bankruptcy 


transmission 


alfalfa 


consignment 


mercantile 


merchandise 


dimensions 


laboratory 


scissors 


embroidery 


miscellaneous 


preliminary 


epidemic 


fertilize 


commissioner 


straightened 


permanent 


librarian 


prosperous 


temperature 


fundamental 


customary 


suspicious 


memorandum 


duplicate 


luxury 


appropriation 


systematically 


dynamite 


disinfectant 


anonymous 


acknowledgment contagious 


negligence 


ambassador 


representative 


parallelogram 


precipice 


suspicious' 


pneumonia 


circumference 


naplha 


glycerin 


emphasize 


maneuver 


paralized 


stereopticon 


moccasin 


prejudice 


nuisance 


anecdote 


Indian 


biplane 


prophecy 


embarrass 


innocence 


cantaloupe 


peaceable 


poisonous 


economical 


inalienable 


nonsense 


destination 


adequate 


miscellaneous 


unconscious 



The Individual Method is used in the teaching of spelling. The 
division of the words between syllables, at the end of the lines is 
brought before the pupils. 
System of Marking: 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not have more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not have more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation; 
B — a pupil may not have more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation; 
A — a pupil may not have any mistake on a page of written work 

or in an oral recitation. 
(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the 
average of all the pages.) 
Literature. 
Textbooks : 

Required, Slias Marner, during the first nine weeks of the semes- 
ter ; Julius Caesar, during the second nine weeks. 
Supplementary. 
Title Author Publisher 

Adam Bede Eliot Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Alice for Short De Morgan Grosset & Dunlap 

Bride of Lammermoor Scott Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

By Order of the King Hugo T. Y. Crowell Co. 

Christopher Hibbault Bryant Duffield & Co. 



—26- 



Title Author Publisher 

Captains Courageous - Kipling ...Century Co. 

David Balfour Stevenson Grosset & Dunlap 

David Copperfield Dickens..Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Stevenson M. A. Donohue & Co. 

Gentleman of France Weyman....Longmans, Green & Co. 

Guy Mannering. Scott Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Harold Lytton T. Y. Crowell Co. 

Henry Esmond Thackeray..Oxf'd Uni. Press Ass'n 

Jorn Uhl Frenssen Estes, Dana & Co. 

Kenilworth Scott Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Last Days of Pompeii Lytton T. Y. Crowell & Co. 

Les Miserables Hugo T. Y. Crowell & Co. 

Lorna Doone Blackmore.-Oxford Uni. Press Ass'n 

Master of Ballantrae Stevenson M. A. Donohue & Co. 

Middlemarch Eliot J. C. Winston & Co. 

Mill on the Floss Eliot T. Y. Crowell Co. 

Nicholas Nickleby Dickens-Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Our Mutual Friend Dickens-Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Pendennis Thackeray.. Oxf'd Uni. Press Ass'n 

Pippa Passes Browning T. Y. Crowell Co. 

Pride and Prejudice Austin....Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Quo Vadis Sienkiewics .Little, Brown & Co. 

Redgauntlet Scott Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Hob Roy Scott Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Scottish Chiefs Porter T. Y. Crowell Co. 

Sentimental Tommy Barrie Chas. Scribner's Sons 

The House of the Wolf Weyman Longmans, Green Co. 

The Rosary Barclay Grosset & Dunlap 

The Scarlet Pimpernal Orszy A. L. Burt & Co. 

The Talisman Scott Oxford Univ. Press Ass'n 

Toilers of the Sea Hugo T. Y. Crowell Co. 

Uarda Ebers A. L. Burt Co. 

Under the Red Robe Weyman Longmans, Green Co. 

Vanity Fair Thackeray.. Oxf'd Uni. Press Ass'n 

Put Yourself in His Place Reade Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week, 
Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. The 
books on the supplementary list are not studied; they furnish 
the material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one of 
these during the semester and makes an oral report on it before 
his class. 

System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is marked 
on test questions that are worded so as to force answers that are 
either right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 
The work done by the pupils in the supplementary reading is 
marked according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If any 
pupil makes no report his grade is limited at the end of the sem- 
ester to D. 

—27— 



Make Up of Semester Grade. 

I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 
one-half of the semester grade. 

II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 

III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



—28- 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

TEN A GRADE (ENG. VIII) 

Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks : 

Required, Clippinger — Book II — Written and Spoken English — 
during the entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks and 
Hubbard — Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke. 
References for Teachers, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks 
and Hubbard — Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke, 
Genung's Practical Elements of Rhetoric, Genung's Working Prin- 
ciples of Rhetoric. 

Time. 

Composition is taught three days a week — Monday, Wednesday 
and Friday. The material for composition is taken from the daily 
experience of the pupils and is presented by means of projects. 
The project used in this grade extends throughout the semester; 
the pupils work out the numbers on the senior class day pro- 
gram — Class History, Class Poem, etc. Each pupil writes one care- 
fully prepared theme each week and gives one carefully prepared 
oral theme. (The oral report on one book selected from the Sup- 
plementary Book List is, at least, fifteen minutes long.) 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. Careful review is given to the Essentials of all the preceding 
grades in order to keep the pupils up to the degree of habit- 
ual correctness that they have acquired. 

2. Forms of Paragraphs. The form of paragraphs used in the 
different kinds of discourse — narration, description, exposi- 
tion, argumentation — is taught. Clippinger — Book II — 
passim, Hotchkiss and Drew, pages 94-101, Genung's rhet- 
orics-passim. 

3. Spelling. The time for spelling in this grade is five minutes 
each day. The spelling is taught Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs- 
day, Friday. The meaning of five words is taught Tuesday, 
and the spelling of these words is taught on Wednesday ; the 
meaning of five new words is taught on Thursday and the 
spelling on Friday. The words are tested on Monday. The 
following list of words is the list taught. To this list, how- 
ever, must be added at least thirty words often misspelt by 
the pupils in history, science or mathematics tests. 



thermometer 

generosity 

asparagus 

ambulance 

garage 

affirmative 

negative 

polygon 

dramatize 

indelible 

asphalt 



discriminate 

perpendicular 

inauguration 

horizontal 

petroleum 

mileage 

diameter 

surveyor 

comfortably 

semiannually 

cancelled 



anticipating 

accompanying 

international 

hereditary 

coincide 

magnetism 

interference 

bulletin 

receipted 

experiment 

emulsion 



eligible 

fascinating 

subpoena 

exponent 

deriviation 

apostrophe 

inaccessible 

perceptible 

inaudible 

equivalent 

granary 



—29— 



antitoxin 

disinfectant 

magnitude 

naptha 

encampment 

transportation 

experiment 

millionaire 

continually 

enthusiasm 

statistics 

dyeing 

responsibility 



disturbance 

bookkeeper 

all right 

prairie 

diminished 

countenance 

accidentally 

corollary 

souvenir 

catalog 

deteriorate 

minimum 

mercenary 



fermentation 

illiterate 

endeavor 

prior 

specimens 

politician 

essentials 

ellipse 

extravagance 

jurisdiction 

speculate 

handkerchief 

communicate 



nostrils 

auxiliary 

secondary 

diminutive 

mysterious 

commodity 

promenade 

bonus 

develop 

entitled 

available 

cemetery 

occurred 



The Individual Method is used in the teaching of spelling. The 
division of the words between syllables, at the ends of lines, is brought 
before the pupils. 
System of Marking : 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistakes on a page of written work 

or in an oral recitation. 
(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the av- 
erage of all the pages.) 
Literature. 
Textbooks : 

Required, The Tale of Two Cities — during the first nine weeks of 
the semester; Sir Roger de Coverley Papers — during the second 
nine weeks of the semester. 
Supplementary. 
Title Author Publisher 

Ben Blair Lillibridge A. L. Burt Co. 

Ben-Hur Wallace Harper & Co. 

Captain of the Grey Horse Troop-Connor Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

Casting Away of Mrs. Leeke and 

Mrs. Aleshine Stockton A. L. Burt Co. 

Corporal Cameron Connor Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

Franck's Journey Around the 

World Franck Century Company 

Hugh Wynne Mitchell Bobbs-Merrill Co. 

In Ole Virginia Page Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Prescott of Saskatchewan Bindloss Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

Queed Harrison Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

That Printer of Udell's Wright A. L. Burt Co. 

The Crisis Churchill Macmillan Co. 

The Doctor Connor Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Conquest of Cannan Tarkington....Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Gentleman from Indiana Tarkington....Grosset & Dunlap Co. 



—30- 



Title Author Publisher 

The Hoosier Schoolmaster Eggleston Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Last of the Mohicans Cooper Harper & Bros. 

The Little Shepherd of Kingdom 

Come -Fox Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Long Portage Bindloss Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Marble Faun Hawthorne A. L. Burt Co. 

The Prince of India Wallace Harper & Bros. 

The Prospector Connor Macmillan Co. 

The Rise of Silas Lapham Howell Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Scarlet Letter Hawthorne A. L. Burt Co. 

The Spoilers ...-Beach A. L. Burt Co. 

The Spy Cooper ...Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Winning of Barbara Worth Wright Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

Three Weeks in the British Isles.— Heggenbothan Reilly 

To Have and to Hold Johnson Houghton Mifflin Co. 

Tom Grogan Hopkinson Smith Donahue 

V. V's Eyes Harrison Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

Winston of the Prairie Bindloss Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

Me Smith .. Lockwood Grosset & Dunlap Co. 

The Fair God Wallace Harper & Bros. 

Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week — 
Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. The 
books on the supplementary list are not studied; they furnish 
the material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one 
of these during the semester and makes an oral report on it be- 
fore his class. 
System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is marked 
on test questions that are worded so as to force answers that are 
either right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 
The work done by the pupils in the supplementary reading is 
marked according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If 
any pupil makes no report his grade is limited at the end of the 
semester to D. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 

I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the pupil 
shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



—31- 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

ELEVEN B GRADE (ENG. IX) 



Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks: Commercial — 

Required, Smith and Mayne— Commercial English— during the 
entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks and 
Hubbard's Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke, Starch 
— Advertising, Opdycke — Advertising and Selling Practice. 
References for Teachers, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks 
and Hubbard's Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke, 
Genung's Practical Elements of Rhetoric, Genung's Working 
Principles of Rhetoric. 

Textbooks: Debate — 

Required, Foster's Argumentation — during the entire semester. 
References for Pupils, Brewer's Oral English. 
References for Teachers, Brewer's Oral English, Baker and Hunt- 
ington's Argumentation. 

Textbooks : Journalism — 

Required, Huff's A Laboratory Manual for Journalism in High 
School — during the entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Bleyer's Newspaper Writing and Editing, 
Bleyer's Special Feature Articles, Given's Making a Newspaper, 
Harrington and Frankenberg's Essentials in Journalism, Op- 
dycke's News, Ads and Sales, Ross' The Writing of News, Spen- 
cer's News Writing, Dillon's Journalism in High School. 

Textbooks: Magazine — 

Required, The Geographic Magazine — during the entire semester. 
References for Pupils, Hitchcock and Drew's Rhetoric. 
References for Teachers, The Genung rhetorics above. 

Time. 

Commercial and Magazine. In these classes composition is 
taught three days a week — Monday, Wednesday, Friday. The 
material for composition is taken from the experience of the 
pupils and is presented by means of projects. In the commercial 
class, the project centers on advertising. The school plays, the 
athletic events, the assembly programs afford much material for 
practice. In the magazine classes the project centers on the in- 
teresting features of Muskogee and the surrounding country. 
Muskogee is in the midst of a wealth of historical and geographi- 
cal material. Each pupil writes one carefully prepared theme 
each week and gives one carefully prepared oral theme. (The oral 
report on one book from the Supplementary Book List is not 
shorter than ten minutes. 

Debate and Journalism. In these classes composition is taught 
daily. The material, more than in any other classes, is taken from 
the daily life of the pupils, and is handled through splendid pro- 
jects. In the debate classes the project is the working out of the 

—32— 



State question for debate and the presentation of the working out 
by teams of picked pupils before state judges. In the journalism 
classes the project is turning in material worthy of a place in 
"The Scout" (the school paper). The work in these classes is a 
splendid training for life. 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. Careful review is given to the Essentials of all the preceding 
grades in order to keep the pupils up to the degree of habit- 
ual correctness that they have acquired. 

2. Special attention is given to the formation of sentences, to 
coherence in sentences and paragraphs, and to the element of 
interest. 

3. Spelling. In debate and journalism correct spelling is a re- 
quirement set by the teachers of these classes for success in 
the work. It, therefore, is taken care of by the pupils. In 
commercial and magazine classes five minutes each day are 
given to the spelling. It is taught Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs- 
day, Friday. The meaning of five words is taught Tuesday ; 
the spelling of these words Wednesday. The meaning of five 
new words is taught on Thursday ; the spelling of these words 
on Friday. The words are tested on Monday. The following 
list is the list of words taught. To this list, however, may be 
added any words often misspelt in the pupil's themes. This 
list is taken from the pupils' themes and test papers. 



consumer 


insolvent 


competition 


Penna. 


debtor 


deposit 


maintenance 


Tenn. 


twelfth 


discount 


mercenary 


A.M. 


arbitration 


currency 


corruption 


P. M. 


authorizes 


circulate 


deteriorate 


C. 0. D. 


compensation 


transmitting 


agreement 


Cr. 


commission 


fraudulent 


denomination 


Dr. 


parcel-post 


negotiable 


subsequent 


mdse. 


constitution 


regional 


stockholder 


bal. 


franchise 


redeemable 


guarantee 


e.g. 


disturbances 


newspaper 


promissory 


etc. 


employment 


collection 


foreclosure 


vs. 


occupation 


inaccurate 


courteous 


viz. 


establishment 


cancelled 


arrangement 


yr. 


financial 


duplicate 


transient 


mo. 


commodities 


mileage 


references 


Messrs. 


vehicle 


consumer 


merchandise 


La. 


consignee 


Kans. 


copartnership 


Via. 


location 


Okla. 


invention 


cts. 


promissory 


Ark. 


essential 


i.e. 


solicits 


Ariz. 


equivalent 


overdue 


commercialize 


N. Mex. 


notifications 


partner 


intercourse 


Neb. 


superscription 


inspector 


bankrupt 


Cal. 




estimate 


liabilities 


N. Y. 




depreciate 



(The Individual Method is used in teaching spelling. The divi- 

—33— 



sion-of the words between syllables, at the ends of lines, is brought be- 
fore the pupils.) 

System of Marking: 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistake on a page of written work 

or in an oral recitation. 
(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the 
average of all the pages.) 

Literature. 

Textbooks : 

Required— Commercial and Magazine. Macbeth — during the en- 
tire semester. 

Required — Debate. Burke's Conciliation Speech — during the en- 
tire semester. 

Supplementary — Commercial. 

Title Author Publisher 

Colonial Folkways M. Andrews In the Chronicles 

of America by 
Yale Univ. Press, 
New Haven. 

Dutch and English on the Hudson. .M. W. Goodwin See Above 

Pioneers of the Old South M. Johnson " 

Washington and His Colleagues H. J. Ford " " 

The Age of Big Business- B. J. Hendrick..... " 

The Agrarian Solon J. Buck " 

The American Spirit in Literature..Bliss Perry " " 

The Army of Labor S. P. Orth " 

The Canadian Dominion 0. D. Skelton " 

The Cotton Kingdom ...Wm. B. Dodd " 

The Fight for a Free Sea R. D. Paine " 

The Forty-Niners S. E. White " 

The Hispanic Nations of the New 

World W. R. Shepherd " 

The Masters of Capital J. Moody... " 

The New South H. Thompson " 

The Old Merchant Marine R. D. Paine " 

The Passing of the Frontier E. Hough " 

The Path of Empire E. R. Fish " 

The Paths of Inland Commerce 4. B. Hulbert.. " 

The Quaker Colonies S. G. Fisher " 

The Railroad Builders J. Moody " 

The Red Man's Continent E. Huntington " 

The Old Northwest F. A. Oeer " 

The Boss and the Machine S. P. Orth " 

Our Foreigners S. P. Orth " 



Supplementary — Magazine. 

Title Editor Publisher 

The Atlantic Monthly Ellery Sedgwick Boston 

The School Review R. L. Lyman Chi. Univ. Press 

The Century T. Frank Union Square, N. Y. 

The North American Review 9 E. 37th St. New York 

The Bookman J. Farrar... .J. H. Doran, New York 

The Theater Edith R. Isaacs..381 4th Ave., N.Y. 

The Outlook Lyman Abbott Outlook Co. 

The School Board Review Wayside, Toronto, Canada 

The American J. M. Siddall Crowell Pub. Co. 

Springfield, Ohio 
Time. 

The required books in literature are taught two days a week — 
Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied carefully. The 
books on the supplementary list are not studied ; they furnish the 
material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one of these 
during the semester and makes an oral report on it before his 
class. 

System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading is marked 
on test questions that are worded so as to force answers that are 
either right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 
The work done by the pupils in the supplementary reading is 
marked according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If any 
pupil makes no report his grade is limited at the end of the 
semester to D. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 

I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 
one-half of the semester grade. 

II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



—35— 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

ELEVEN A (ENG. X) GRADE 



Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks: Commercial — 

Required, Smith and Mayne's Commercial English — during the 

entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks and 

Hubbard's Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke, Butler 

and Burd's Commercial Correspondence. 

References for Teachers, Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks 

and Hubbard's Composition and Rhetoric, Canby and Opdycke, 

Genung's Practical Elements of Rhetoric, Genung's Working 

Principles of Rhetoric. 

Textbooks : Debate — 

Required, Foster's Argumentation — during the entire semester. 
References for the Pupils, Brewer's Oral English, Baker and 
Huntington's Argumentation. 

References for the Teacher, Brewer's Oral English, Baker and 
Huntington's Argumentation. 

Textbooks : Journalism — 

Required, Huff's A Laboratory Manual for Journalism in High 
School — during the entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Bleyer's Newspaper Writing and Editing, 
Bleyer's Special Feature Articles, Given's Making a Newspaper, 
Hall's Writing an Advertisement, Harrington and Frankenberg's 
Essentials in Journalism, Miller's Practical Composition — Bk II, 
Lee's History of Journalism, Opdycke's News, Ads, and Sales, 
Ross' The Writing of News, Spencer's News Writing, Starch's Ad- 
vertising. 

Textbooks: History of English Literature — 

Required, Long's History of English Literature — during the en- 
tire semester. 

References for Pupils and Teachers, Hill's Beginnings of Rhet- 
oric, Miller's Practical Composition — Books I, II, II, IV, Genung's 
Practical Elements of Rhetoric, Genung's Working Principles of 
Rhetoric. 

Time: 

Commercial. In this class composition is taught three days a 
week — Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The material for the com- 
position is taken from the experience of the pupils and is presented 
by means of projects. The projects center around letter writing. 
The school needs letters to parents in regard to absence of pupils, to 
tardiness of pupils, and to poor work. These letters may well be 
handled in this class. Letters of inquiry in town and out of town, 
letters for different teachers also may well be handled in this class. 
Each pupil writes one carefully prepared letter each week, and 
gives one carefully prepared oral recitation. (The oral report on 

—36— 



one book selected from the Supplementary Book list is not shorter 
than fifteen miuntes.) 

Debate and Journalism. In these classes composition is taught 
daily. The material, more than in any other classes, is taken from 
the daily life of the pupils, and is handled through splendid projects. 
In the debate class the project is the working out of the State ques- 
tion for debate and the presentation of the working out by a team 
of picked pupils before state judges. In the journalism class the 
project is the putting out "The Scout," the school paper, each week. 
The work in these classes is a splendid training for life. 

History of English Literature. In these classes enough theme 
work is given to keep the pupils up to the degree of correctness in 
composition that they had when they entered the class and, if pos- 
sible, to make the weak pupils strong. There is usually a theme 
every other week. The oral work is based on the literature studied 
and is daily work. (The oral report on one book selected from the 
Supplementary Book List is not shorter than fifteen minutes.) 

Minimum Esentials: 

1. Careful review is given to the Essentials of all the preceding 
grades in order to keep the pupils up to the degree of habitual 
correctness that they have acquired. 

2. Special attention is given to the special ability each pupil man- 
ifests in order to give the pupil practice in his or her par- 
ticular line. 

3. Spelling. In debate and journalism, correct spelling is a re- 
quirement set by the teachers of these classes for success in 
the work. It, therefore, is taken care of by the pupils. In com- 
mercial and literature classes five minutes each day are given 
to the spelling. It is taught Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs- 
day and Friday. The meaning of five words is taught Tues- 
day ; the spelling Wednesday. The meaning of five new words 
is taught Thursday; the spelling Friday. The words are 
tested Monday. The following list of words is taught. It is 
made up of the most often misspelt words taken from the 
pupils' themes and test papers. To this list, however, must 
be added at least thirty words often misspelt by the pupils 
in history, science and mathematics. 



Miss. 


N. Dak. 


D. C. 


B/L 


Mass. 


conference 


Col. 


cat. 


Mt. 


Gov. 


development 


expenditure 


economics 


C. 0. D. 


industrial 


MSS. 


corporation 


Disct. 


L/C 


cts. 


Fla. 


unattainable 


dependability 


overlapping 


S. C. 


achievement 


reinforcement 


symmetrical 


Wash. 


allowance 


gasoline 


vibration 


Mo. 


underwriters 


combination 


cartoon 


Ore. 


transmission 


travelling 


cement 


dynamics 


remarkably 


winning 


assortment 


Mich. 


detachable 


automatic 


bibliography 


@ 


consumption 


dominant 


overlapping 


lb. 


combustion 


determined 


adapted 



—37- 



applying distortion assurance primarily 

statistical modification destruction friction 

per cent skeleton lubrication anthology 

Supt. mosquitoes woo'en ambitious 

disturbances accumulate durable pron. 

scientifically complaints virtually Southwest 

fascination equipped northwest benefit 

luxurious franchise indiscriminate infringement 

Fla. patronage prosecuted guaranteed 

Conn. disinfectant conception adjustable 

simplified uniformity comprehensive appointment 

The spelling of the full name is taught as well as the abbre- 
viation. (The Individual Method is used in the teaching of the spell- 
ing. The division of the words between the syllables, at the ends of 
the lines, is brought before the pupils.) 

System of Marking. 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistake on a page of written work 

or in an oral recitation. 
(If a theme is more than one page in length, the grade may be 
the average of all the pages.) 

Literature. 
Textbooks : 

Required — Commercial and History of English Literature. 

L'Allegro and II Penseroso — during the entire semester. 
Textbooks: Debate — Burke's Conciliation. 
Supplementary — Commercial, and History of English Literature. 

Title Author Publisher 

The Abbott Scott Crowell 

Anne of Geierstein Scott Black 

The Antiquary Scott Black 

Bride of Lammermoor Scott Black 

Fair Maid of Perth Scott Black 

Fortunes of Nigel Scott Black 

Guy Mannering Scott Black 

Kenilworth Scott Black 

The Monastery Scott Black 

Old Mortality Scott Black 

Peveril of the Peak Scott Black 

Redgauntlet Scott Black 

Rob Roy Scott Black 

The Talisman Scott Black 

Waverly Scott Black 

Woodstock Scott Black 



Title Author Publisher 

Oliver Twist Dickens Houghton Mifflin Co. 

Barnaby Rudge Dickens Chapman 

Bleak House Dickens Chapman 

David Copperfield Dickens Chapman 

Dombey and Son Dickens Chapman 

Little Dorrit Dickens Chapman 

Martin Chuzzlewit Dickens Chapman 

Nicholas Nickleby Dickens Chapman 

Old Curiosity Shop Dickens Chapman 

Our Mutual Friend Dickens Chapman 

Tale of Two Cities Dickens Chapman 

Time. 

Commercial and History of Eng. Lit. The work done by the 
pupils in the Commercial classes in the required reading is taught 
two days a week, Tuesday and Thursday. These books are studied 
carefully. The work done in the History of English Literature is 
taught three days a week — Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The 
books on the supplementary list are not studied ; they furnish the 
material for the extensive reading. Each pupil reads one of these 
during the semester and makes an oral report on it before the 
class. 

Debate. The required books in literature are taught two days a 
week on an average, Tuesday and Thursday. The time is not fol- 
lowed closely; the classic is used when the work of the pupil 
makes its use necessary. There is no supplementary book list. 
The work ranges over magazines, government report, newspapers, 
books, etc. Hours of close reading are necessary on the part of 
the teacher and the class. 

Journalism. There is no required reading book list and no 
classic for the class. The work of the class is practice for the 
paper at all times. 

System of Marking. 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading list is 
marked on test questions that are so worded as to force answers 
that are right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 
The work done by the pupils in the supplementary reading is 
marked according to the teacher's judgment of its value. If any 
pupil makes no report his grade is limited at the end of the 
semester to D. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 

I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



-39- 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

TWELVE B (ENG. XI) GRADE 



Composition — Oral and Written. 
Textbooks: Debate — 

Required, Foster's Argumentation during the entire semester. 
References for the Pupils, Brewer's Oral English, Baker and 
Huntington's Argumentation. 

References for the Teacher, Brewer's Oral English, Baker and 
Huntington's Argumentation. 

Textbooks: Journalism — 

Required, Huff's A Laboratory Manual for Journalism in High 
School — during the entire semester. 

References for Pupils, Bleyer's Newspaper Writing and Editing, 
Given's Making a Newspaper, Hall's Writing an Advertise- 
ment, Harrington and Frankenberg's Essentials in Journal- 
ism, Lee's History of American Journalism, Miller's Practical 
Composition, Book II, Opdycke's News, Ads and Sales, Ross' The 
Writing of News, Spencer's News Writing. 

Time: Debate and Journalism. 

In these classes composition is taught five days a week. The 
material, more than in other classes, is taken from the daily life 
of the pupils, and is handled through splendid projects. In the 
debate class the project is the working out of the State question 
for debate and the presentation of the working out by a team 
of picked pupils before state judges. In the journalism class the 
project is the putting out of "The Scout," the weekly paper of the 
school, "The Chieftain," the school annual, and the school "Hand- 
book." 
Minimum Essentials: Debate and Journalism. 

1. Review, through the work covered, of the Essentials of all the 
preceding grades is given in order to keep the pupils up to the 
degree of habitual correctness that they have acquired. 

2. Special attention is given to the special ability each pupil 
manifests in order to give the pupils practice in his or her 
particular "line." 

System of Marking: 

In order to make a grade of — 

D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A— a pupil may not make any mistake on a page of written work 

or in an oral recitation. 
(If a theme is more than one page long, the grade may be the 
average of all the pages.) 

—40— 



Literature. 

Textbooks: Debate. 

Required, Burke's Concilliation. 

Time: 

Debate. The required book in literature is taught two days a 
week on an average, Tuesday and Thursday. The time is not fol- 
lowed closely; the classic is used when the work of the pupils 
makes its use necessary. There is no supplementary book list ; the 
work ranges over magazines, government reports, newspapers, 
books, etc., etc. Hours of reading are necessary on the part of 
the pupils and the teacher. 

Journalism. There is no classic or required book list for this 
class. The work of the class is practice for the papers at all times. 

System of Marking : 

The work done by the pupils in the required reading list is 
marked on test questions that are worded so as to force answers 
that are right or wrong and may be, therefore, definitely marked. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 

I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 

one-half of the semester grade. 
II. The Literature average during the semester shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 
III. The teacher's estimate of student's ability shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester grade. 



-41- 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

TWELVE A GRADE (ENG. XII.) 



Composition — Oral and Written. 

Textbooks — Drama, History of American Literature, Oratory. 
References for Pupils. Hill's Beginnings of Rhetoric, Brooks and 
Hubbard's Composition and Rhetoric, Genung's Working Prin- 
ciples of Rhetoric, Genung's Practical Elements of Rhetoric, Man- 
ly and Rickert's Rhetoric. 

References for Teachers. The above rhetorics, and Edgar's A 
Minimum Course in Rhetoric. 

Time: 

Drama. In this class a theme of not less than three hundred 
words is required once in four weeks. The material for this theme 
is taken from the literature under study. The weeks preceding 
the theme are used for the selection of subject, the gathering of 
material, and the drawing of an outline. The oral theme work is 
done in class in answer to questions that are so worded as to make 
necessary the organization of large bodies of material. The gen- 
eral line of the work leads to the writing of a play based on a 
standard short story, Wee Willie Winkie, Luck of Roaring Camp, 
etc. 

History of American Literature. In this class a theme of not 
less than three hundred words is required once in three weeks. 
The material for this theme is taken from the literature under 
study. The weeks preceding the theme are used for the selection 
of subject, the amassing of material, and the drawing of an out- 
line. The oral theme work is done in class in answer to questions 
so worded as to make necessary the organization of large bodies 
of material. The general line of work leads to the Contest in 
Composition held at the University of Oklahoma in April each 
year. 

Oratory. In this class no written theme work is required ; any 
written work done is for practice only to keep the skill in funda- 
mental principles. The oral work is the presentation through 
slow detailed study, of Washington's Farewell Address and one 
standard oration selected by each pupil. The following points are 
steps in the "slow detailed study:" memorizing a paragraph, 
grouping the words of the paragraph in thought phrases, empha- 
sizing principal word of each phrase, acquiring a clear, careful 
enunciation of letters, and ease of manner before an audience. 
Each pupil recites three times a week. 

Minimum Essentials: 

Careful review is given, in all the XII classes, over all the pre- 
ceding work in the Essentials in order to keep the pupils up to 
the degree of habitual correctness that they have acquired. 

System of Marking : 

Drama and History of American Literature. In order to make a 
grade of — 

—42— 



D — a pupil may not make more than three mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
C — a pupil may not make more than two mistakes on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
B — a pupil may not make more than one mistake on a page of 

written work or in an oral recitation ; 
A — a pupil may not make any mistake on a page of written work 

or in an oral recitation. 

Literature. 

Textbooks : 

Required : Drama — Milton's Paradise Lost, Shakespeare's Hamlet 
and Twelfth Night. 

Textbooks : History of American Literature — 

Pace's History of American Literature. 

Textbooks: Oratory — 

Washington's Farewell Address. 

Library Books Required : Drama — The Blue Bird by Maeterlinck, 
Zangwill's The Melting Pot. 

Library Books Required — History of American Literature : 

Poe's MSS, Found in a Bottle, The Fall of the House of Usher, 
William Wilson, The Murders in the Rue Morgue, A Descent into 
the maelstrom, The Masque of the Red Death, The Pit and the 
Pendulum, The Tell-Tale Heart, The Gold Bug, The Black Cat, 
The Purloined Letter, the Cask of Amontillado, Hawthorne's 
The Gray Champion, The Minister's Black Veil, The Hollow in 
the Hills, Dr. Heidegger's Experiment, the Ambitious Guest, The 
Birthmark, Young Goodman Brown, Rappiccini's Daughter, The 
Celestial Railroad, Feathertop, A Moralized Legend, The Snow 
Image, The Great Stone Face, Ethan Brand, Wakefield, Lady 
Eleanore's Mantle, one long story of Hawthorne's, Wilkin's Revolt 
of Mother, Page's Mars' Chan, Harte's Luck of Roaring Camp, 
London's Call of the Wild, Van Dyke's The Other Wise Man, The 
Lynching from "The Virginian," The Chariot Race from "Ben- 
Hur," 0. Henry's Whirligig of Life. 

Supplementary — Drama : 

Title Author Publisher 

The Blue Bird— to be read by all....M. Maeterlinck....Dodd, Mead & Co. 

The Melting Pot-to be read by alLJ. Zangwill Macmillan & Co. 

Chantecler Rostand Duffield & Co. 

Everywoman W. Browne! H. R. Fly & Co. 

Justice Galsworthy..Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Land of Heart's Desire Yeats Dodd, Mead & Co. 

Peter Pan J. M. Barrie..Chas. Scribner's Sons 

Servant in the House C. R. Kennedy Harper & Bros. 

The House of Rimmon H. Van Dyke..Chas. Scribner's Sons 

The Man from Home B. Tarkmgton Harper & Bros. 

The Rivals Sheridan Oxford Univ. Ass'n 

—43— 



Title Author Publisher 

The Weaver Hauptman Huebsch 

As You Like It Shakespeare.... Scott, Foresman Co. 

Comedy of Errors Shakespeare.... Scott, Foresman Co. 

King Henry IV Shakespeare... .Scott, Foresman Co. 

King Henry V Shakespeare.... Scott, Foresman Co. 

King Lear Shakespeare... .Scott, Foresman Co. 

Midsummer Night's Dream Shakespeare... .Scott, Foresman Co. 

Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare.... Scott, Foresman Co. 

Taming of the Shrew Shakespeare.. ..Scott, Foresman Co. 

The Tempest Shakespeare.— Scott, Foresman Co. 

Winter's Tale Shakespeare... .Scott, Foresman Co. 

The Return of Peter Grim.... Belasco Harcourt, Brace & Co. 

The Lion and the Mouse Klein Grosset & Dunlap 

Supplementary — History of American Literature: 

There is no Supplementary Reading list; the many books read 
are required. 

Supplementary — Oratory : 

There is no Supplementary reading list; the books are required. 

Time. 

Drama. The time in this class is not definitely divided between 
the composition and the literature; approximately three days a 
week are given to the study of literature. The plays are read 
first for content and then studied scene by scene in order to trace 
the complicating action, to determine the strength and appro- 
priativeness of the climax and to trace the falling action. Last 
a complete study is made of the characters and the unity of the 
parts played, the appropriativeness of the setting and the dramat- 
ic purpose of the emphatic scenes. The above study prepares the 
pupils for the working out of the composition outlined under 
Composition and makes possible the dramatization of the short 
story by them. 

History of American Literature. In this class four days a week 
are given to the study of literature, one to the History of Ameri- 
can Literature, three to the study of the stories. 

Oratory. In this class five days a week are given to the mem- 
orizing and presentation of orations named in the required work. 

System of Marking. 

Drama. The work done by the pupils in the required reading 
list is marked on test questions that are so worded as to force 
answers that are right or wrong and may be, therefore, defin- 
itely marked. The work done by the pupils in the supplementary 
reading list is marked according to the teacher's judgment of its 
value. If any pupil makes no report on a story from the supple- 
mentary list his grade is limited at the end of the semester to D. 

History of American Literature. The work done by the pupils 
in the required reading is marked on test questions that are so 

—44— 



worded as to force answers that are right or wrong and may, 
therefore, be definitely marked. 

Oratory. The work done in this class is marked on the presen- 
tation. The first presentation of an assignment is marked on 
the memory work; the second on the phrasing of the material 
and memory work; the third on the emphasis placed on the im- 
portant word in each phrase, (this includes the selection of the 
important word) the phrasing of the material and the memory 
work ; etc. 

Make Up of Semester Grade. 

I. The Composition average during the semester shall constitute 
one-half of the semester grade. 

II. The average of the required literature tests shall constitute one- 
fourth of the semester's grade ; 

III. The teacher's estimate of the value of the daily work of the 
pupil shall constitute one-fourth of the semester grade. 



-45— 



JUNIOR HIGH EXPRESSION 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 
SEVENTH AND EIGHTH GRADES 



Each pupil in Junior High School has at least nine weeks of ex- 
pression. 

Textbooks: New Science of Elocution by S. S. Howill, Choice Read- 
ings by Cumnock, Practical Elocution by Shoemaker, Advanced 
Elocution by Shoemaker, Elocution and Action, F. Townsend 
Southwick, and Psychological Development of Expression by 
Blood & Riley. 

Supplementary Work : 

Curry's Literary Readers- 
Parts from "Courtship of Miles Standish," "Enoch Arden," 
"Height of Ridiculous." 

Everyday Classics, 8th Grade — 

Stories of "Roland and His Horn," "Treasure Island," "Story of 
Ruth." 

Readings such as— 

"Lochinvar," "Counting Eggs," "Billy Miller's Circus Show," 
"Rhyme of Dorothy Rose," "If you knew how funny you looked," 
"Try Smiling," "When de Folks is Gone," "Our Dog and Sister's 
Beau," "Almost beyond Endurance." 

Aims: 

1. To secure a good standing and sitting posture. 

2. To be able to deliver well a few readings and talks. 

3. To pronounce and articulate well. 

4. To aid pupils to overcome the feelings of embarrassment and 
self consciousness. 

5. To increase the rate and comprehension in reading. 

7B and 7A Grades. 

The work in these grades must be a beginning for something 
higher. It must be of such a character as not only to interest the 
students, but to inspire and help them. The pupils must be lead 
to wish for better speech and poise through a channel of attrac- 
tiveness in the work rather than from a system of drills. 

Exercises. 

Pupils must be given exercises of all kinds but there must be 
an incentive to make the students work with the drills. A little 
method of arousing enthusiasm for the breathing exercises, 
which are so essential, is to take the chest expansion of each 
child at the beginning of the course, and again at the close of the 
course in order to see what development has been made. Much 
stress is given to the standing positions of the pupils. After 
giving several exercises for straightening shoulders, each pupil 
is allowed to criticise any other student, who is reciting at any 
time, on his or her posture. This criticism encourages all stu- 

—46— 



dents to stand properly and correctly. The desire for leadership 
which is dominant in this age pupil aids each one to work 
diligently. 

Readings. 

Self-consciousness and embarrassment will retard students 
very quickly, therefore, the first few days are given to working 
out of two or three simple readings and good talks. This work 
gives a feeling of freedom, with which to carry on the harder 
work. Readings are assigned about once in each two weeks after 
the first week or two. 

8B and BA Exercises. 

The students of this age are very keen to appear before others. 
A great many vocal exercises are given here to improve the pro- 
nunciation, enunciation and articulation of the students. Drills 
on words that are frequently mispronounced are given at least 
twice each week. Breathing and calisthenics exercises are given 
for twenty to thirty minutes once or twice each week. There can 
be no slack in exercises with this age pupil. 

Memory Woik and Readings. 

Less memory work is given in this course, but more reading 
from classics and stories. From the reading of stories, not only 
will pronunciation, articulation and facial expression be im- 
proved, but also the reading rate and comprehension of each in- 
dividual student is strengthened. 

Inflection, Pitch, Rate an Facial Expression. 

In these classes pupils are taught the inflection of the voice, 
the pitch of the voice and the rate of reading. The fact that 
students know about these factors of Expression will lead them 
to be more observing, both of themselves and of others. This 
class is a good place to begin teaching the different expressions 
of the face, particularly of the eyes, and the different movements 
of the head and hands. The students work out their own illustra- 
tions for each feeling and movement. For example in the study 
of the eyes, they notice that eyes widen in joy and surprise. One 
child illustrated joy and surprise through this expression, "Oh, it 
can't be true that I shall be queen !" For one movement of the 
hand, such sentences as "Take this chair," "How beautiful the 
flag is to-day," etc., were given. 

Dramatization. 

Further facial exercises are developed in selections from stories 
that may be dramatized. These are taken from some scene with 
which the pupils are familiar. 

For a complete semester's work, all the preceding lessons 
should be given with the following lessons. 

Dramatization and Pantomiming. 

Three weeks in dramatization and pantomiming greatly help 
the poise and movement of all the pupils. They especially aid 
the larger students who feel awkward and ill at ease. "Lochinvar" 
is a good selection to begin with. This may be either pantomimed 
or dramatized. For a pantomime, "Curfew shall not ring to- 

—47— 



night" is very good. These may be arranged so as to use a third 
or half of the students in the class. 

Original Work in Groups. 

For original work in groups the class is divided into three 
groups and each group works out a selection to be given before 
the rest of the class. Students are very eager to"show off" be- 
fore others. 

Story Telling. 

Stories told are delivered as if they are a reality. All parts 
are so colored that the listeners feel as if they are taking a part 
in the story. With the preceding work as a good foundation, stu- 
dents are able to become interesting narrators. 

Selection of Stories. 

. A few fables and very short stories are good to begin with. 
Later each child tells one long story not to be less than five min- 
utes nor more than ten in length. Such stories as "King of the 
Golden River," "Sella," "Sohrob and Rustum," "Why the Chimes 
Rang," Pickwick adventures suit this age student well. 

One original story is written and delivered by each pupil. There 
is a requirement of conversation from at least four characters. 

Following this work a strong review of all exercises is ad- 
visable. Not only all old ones, but many new ones are introduced. 

Notebooks. 

Very complete notebooks are kept by each pupil. An 8B or 8A 
student has outlines on all the following topics. 
I. A correct standing position helps: (outline.) 
II. Conversation — 

1. Outline. 

2. Given conversation between two persons to memorize. 

3. Work out original conversation between two persons 
and memorize. 

III. "Action speaks louder than words." 

1. Movements of the head. 

2. Movements of the hands. 

3. Movements of the shoulders. 

IV. Expression of the face. 

Eyes, mouth, forehead and eyebrows. Eyes worked out 
very completely, showing all emotions and feeling expressed 
through the eyes. (Outline form.) 

V. Inflection of the voice — (outline form.) Several single 
words are taken to show different feelings given with one 
word. 



Well 



consent 

question 

sarcasm 

surprise No^ 

joy 

anger 

doubt 

—48— 



question 

negation 

negation (positive) 

negation (angry) 

uncertainty 

surprise 

sarcasm 



VI. Pitch— (Outline form.) 

VII. Rate — (Outline form.) 

VIII. Dramatization and Pantomiming — (Outline.) 

IX. Original story. 

^renunciation. 

Diacritical markings (given at beginning of course) taught here. 

Words frequently mispronounced drilled on. A few are: 
of water duty Mrs. 

from magazine absolutely bouquet 

was duke multiplication aerial 

Many methods used. Best are the exercises such as : 

Articulation. 

1. Eight great gray geese grazing gaily into Greece. 

2. Amos Ames the amiable a er o naut, aided in an aerial enter 
prise, at the age of eighty eight. 

3. What whim led white Whitn to whittle, whistle, whisper and 
whimper near the wharf, when a floundering whale might 
whirl and wheel ? 

About fifteen of these exercises are mastered. 



—49- 



SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

EXPRESSION I. 



Theory and Technique. 
Textbooks: 

Required. Southwick, Elocution and Action, during entire semes- 
ter. 

Notebooks, Compiled by students and containing supplementary 
notes on theory, drill work, and project work done by each pupil. 
References for Teacher, Phillips, Natural Drills in Expression; 
Shoemaker, Advanced Elocution and Practical Elocution; Strat- 
ton, Public Speaking; Cumnock, Choice Readings; Werner, 
Pantomime. 

Time: 

Readings by pupils are delivered three days a week, Monday, 
Tuesday and Wednesday. Selections thus prepared are used in 
cub and assembly programs. The other two days are use for 
theory and drill work and analyzing readings. 

Minimum Essentials : 

1. Systematic drill work in voice and gesture work to secure 
relaxation and flexibility of all parts of the body. 

2. The fundamentals of phrasing, emphasis, enunciation and 
animation. 

3. Character placing and interpretation. 
Scheme of Marking : 

In order to make a grade of 

D — a pupil must deliver four readings of approximately five 
minutes in length, memorized after one reading in class. All 
previous corrections are to be incorporated in selection as fi- 
nally accepted. Correct grouping, pronunciation and a moder- 
ate rale are requh 

C — In addition to requirements of a "D" grade, clear enunciation, 
some character distinction and interpretation of author's pur- 
pose and a good stage presence are necessary for this grade. 

B — In addition to above requirements the pupil shall present clear 
character d'stinction, impersonation, and appreciation and 
ab'lity to interpret the author's viewpoint. 

A — In addition to all above mentioned requirements the pupil 
must show a varied emotional ability, a flexible voice, ease in 
gesture and appreciation of dramatic situation. 
Reference Work: 

The select : ons used by pupils shall be chosen from standard 

writers and publications. References in the library include : 
Werner's — Readings and Recitations. 
Shoemaker — Best Selections — 100 Choice Selections. 
Cumnock — Choice Selections. 
Clark— Handbook of Best Readings. 

—50— 



SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 



OUTLINE OF SEMESTER'S WORK 

FOR 

EXPRESSION II. 



Theory. 
Textbooks : 

Required. No textbooks are required in this course but each 
pupil keeps a notebook containing notes and lectures, drill-work 
and theory given in class. 

References. For both pupil and teacher the books listed under 
Expression I are used as references. 

Time. 

The work of the week is conducted in the same manner as in 
the preceding course. Programs and contest readings are pre- 
pared in this term's work. From this class readers are drawn 
for both school and city organizations. 

Minimum Essentials. 

1. In addition to the requirements for Expression I this course 
shall require ability to pantomime entire situations or stories. 

2. The pupil must be able to deliver oral or original stories. 

3. All dramatic readings must show clear impersonation and 
character development and a sympathetic interpretation of 
author's purpose. 

4. The pupil must be able to handle the simpler dialects. 

5. An easy stage presence and the ability to control situations 
when reading in public are essential. 

Scheme of Marking. 

This is the same as in Expression I. The readings are increased 
in length and difficulty over those used in the preceding course. 



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OUTLINE FOR DRAMATICS: 
JUNIOR AND SENIOR CLASS PLAYS 



Textbooks. 

Required. Each pupil shall keep a notebook filled regularly for 
correction. No regular textbook is used in class. 

References. The Modern Theatre, Moderwell; Modern One Act 
Plays, Cohan ; Plays for Classroom Interpretation, Knickerbocker ; 
Fifty Contemporary One Act Plays, Shay and Loving. 

Time. 

Three days each week are given over wholly to rehearsal of 
plays, two days a week to class reports and discussion. The class 
plays are prepared during this period and represent the polished 
work for the semester. 

Minimum Essentials: 

1. A working knowledge of stage terms and principles of acting. 

2. A working knowledge of grouping, costuming, lighting as 
dramatic forces. 

3. An intimate acquaintance with modern playwrights of note 
and their plays. 

4. A weekly written report on standard plays. 

5. A term paper of five hundred words, net, on subject assigned. 

Scheme of Marking. 

The accuracy of the reports and the estimated value must be 
decided by the instructor. At least ten reports shall be required 
for a passing grade in this course. 



—52— 



INDEX 



Classics, 
Junior High School, 6, 10, 13, 17, 20, 
23. 

Senior High School, 26, 30, 34, 38, 43. 
System of Marking, 7, 10, 14, 18, 21, 

24, 27, 31, 35, 39, 41, 44. 

Time, 7, 10, 14, 18, 21, 24, 27, 31, 35, 
39, 41, 44. 

Composition, Time, 4, 8, 11, 15, 19, 22, 

25, 29, 32, 36, 40, 42. 

Expression, 46, 52. 

Figures of Speech, 25. 

Grades, 4, 8, 11, 15, 19, 22, 25, 29, 32, 
36, 40, 42. 

Minimum Essentials in Composition, 
Junior High School, 4, 8, 11, 15, 19, 22 
Senior High School, 25, 29, 33, 37, 40, 
42. 

System of Marking, 5. 9, 12, 17, 20, 
23, 26, 30, 34, 38, 40, 42. 

Review, 8, 16, 19, 22, 25, 29, 33, 37, 40, 

42. 

Outline, 4, 19, 22. 
Paragraph, 

Coherence, 25, 33. 

Development, 11, 16. 



Forms, 29. 

Initial Work, 8. 

Relation to Outline, 25. 
Pronouns, 18, 11, 16. 
Punctuation, 8, 11, 15. 
Textbooks in Composition, 

Required, 4, 8, 11, 15, 19, 22, 25, 29, 

32, 36, 40, 42. 

Reference, 4, 8, 11, 15, 22, 25, 29, 32, 
36, 40, 42. 

Semester Grade, 

Jun'or High School, 7, 10, 14, 18, 21, 

24. 

Senior High School, 28, 31, 35, 39, 41, 

45. 

Sentence, 

Coherence, 25, 33. 

Forms, 33. 

Unity, 8, 11, 15. 

Variety in Structure, 19, 22. 

Si-Ailing, 

Plan, 4, 8, 12, 16, 19, 22, 25, 29, 33, 37. 
Word Lists, 5, 9, 12, 16, 20, 23, 26, 29, 

33, 37. 

Verbs, 4, 8, 11. 



—53- 



USK 




